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| ===Linux Distributions=== | | ===Linux Distributions=== |
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| This list is taken directly from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux_distribution Wikipedia's article on Linux Distributions]:
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| Well-known Linux distributions include:
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| * [[Fedora (Linux distribution)|Fedora]] which is a community distribution sponsored by [[Red Hat]]
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| * [[Red Hat Enterprise Linux]], which is a derivative of [[Fedora (Linux distribution)|Fedora]] maintained and commercially supported by [[Red Hat]]
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| * [[CentOS]], a distribution derived from the same sources used by Red Hat, maintained by a dedicated volunteer community of developers with both 100% Red Hat - compatible versions and an upgraded version that is not always 100% upstream compatible
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| * [[Debian]], a non-commercial distribution maintained by a volunteer developer community with a strong commitment to free software principles
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| * [[Ubuntu (Linux distribution)|Ubuntu]], a newly popular desktop distribution maintained by [[Canonical Ltd|Canonical]] that is derived from Debian.
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| * [[Mandriva Linux|Mandriva]], a Red Hat derivative popular in France and Brazil, today maintained by the French company of the same name
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| * [[openSUSE]], originally derived from Slackware, sponsored by the company [[Novell]]
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| * [[Gentoo Linux|Gentoo]], a distribution targeted at [[power user]]s, known for its [[FreeBSD Ports]]-like automated system for compiling applications from source code
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| * [[Knoppix]], a [[LiveCD]] distribution that runs completely from [[removable media]] and without installation to a hard disk
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| * [[Slackware]], one of the first Linux distributions, founded in 1993, and since then actively maintained by [[Patrick J. Volkerding]]
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| * [[Linspire]], a commercial desktop distribution based on Ubuntu (and thus Debian), and once the defendant in the [[Microsoft vs. Lindows]] lawsuit over its former name.
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| [[DistroWatch]] maintains a popularity ranking of distribution information on its web site, but this is not considered to be a reliable measure of distribution popularity.
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| ===Useful Links=== | | ===Useful Links=== |
Operating Systems
Linux
GNU Linux aims to be a free and open-source unix (or unix-like) operating system that will run on most types of computer hardware and uses an X11 graphical user interface. Various distributions of GNU/Linux exist that have different package management systems and other features. Most of these are ideal platforms for X-ray crystallography and other scientific computational requirements.
Linux Distributions
Useful Links
Mac OS X
Mac OS X is a proprietary BSD-unix-derived operating system that runs on Apple's computers. The BSD-subsystem, called Darwin, attempts to be open-source. Unlike most other flavors of unix, OS X is not based on an X11 windowing system, but instead uses a proprietary Aqua graphical user interface. For crystallographers and others who need the conventional X11 windowing system, an Xserver for OS X is available, and installs by default on the most current version of OS X.
Links:
Irix (SGI)